eGFR

Meta-analysis or review · 5 studies linked

Studied in: Diabetic nephropathy, CKD

• Wang Y, et al. (2019)
• Effect of a high vs. standard dose of vitamin D3 supplementation on bone metabolism and kidney function in children with chronic kidney disease (2022)
• Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Kidney Function in Adults with Prediabetes: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial. (2021)
• Vitamin D (2021)
• Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (2019)

Meta-analysis or review · Small effect · 4 studies linked

Studied in: Adults, CKD, Hemodialysis, Diabetic nephropathy

5 studies in MA; clinically modest. Requires replication.

• PROTECTIVE ROLE OF MELATONIN FOR ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. (2024)
• Could melatonin prevent Vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity in critically ill patients? A randomized, double-blinded controlled trial. (2023)
• Effects of dietary melatonin on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and nonspecific immunity in crayfish, Cherax destructor. (2023)
• Zhang Y et al. (2021)

Human trials · Small effect · 1 study linked

Studied in: CKD, Adult, Elderly

• Ye Z et al. (2021)

Human trials · 3 studies linked

Studied in: Diabetic nephropathy, CKD, Predominantly preclinical

• Dissecting the Effect of Berberine on the Intestinal Microbiome in the Weaned Piglets by Metagenomic Sequencing. (2022)
• Berberine alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis by enhancing the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila. (2025)
• [Effects of berberine on the serum cystatin C levels and urine albumin/creatine ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus]. (2018)

Human trials · 3 studies linked

Likely a measurement artifact rather than a real change; see the note.

Studied in: CKD

7 studies in corpus; eGFR is rarely a primary endpoint in carnitine trials. Creatinine reduction in CKD may reflect reduced catabolism rather than true GFR improvement; eGFR derived from creatinine would thus be artifactually elevated.

• Kidney function as a key driver of the pharmacokinetic response to high-dose L-carnitine in septic shock. (2023)
• Blood Pressure and Metabolic Effects of Acetyl-l-Carnitine in Type 2 Diabetes: DIABASI Randomized Controlled Trial. (2018)
• Renal function is associated with plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide, choline, L-carnitine and betaine: a pilot study. (2021)

Meta-analysis or review · Moderate effect · 3 studies linked

Studied in: CKD patients, General adult, Oncology, Cisplatin treated

eGFR preservation correlates with Mg-repletion protocol; not applicable to general population.

• Crona DJ, Faso A, Nishijima TF, McGraw KA, et al. (2017)
• Nephroprotective effects of hydration with magnesium in patients with cervical cancer receiving cisplatin. (2015)
• Wang et al. (2018)

Meta-analysis or review · 8 studies linked

Studied in: Adult, Cardiovascular, NAFLD

eGFR stable across VE intervention trials at doses up to 800 IU/day. No nephrotoxicity signal. Nephroprotective signal in specific acute kidney injury contexts (contrast-induced, cisplatin) does not translate to eGFR improvement in chronic supplementation.

• Effect of Vitamin E on Diabetic Nephropathy: A Meta-Analysis. (2024)
• A Phase IIb Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Effects of Tocotrienol-Rich Vitamin E on Diabetic Kidney Disease. (2021)
• Tocotrienol-rich vitamin E improves diabetic nephropathy and persists 6-9 months after washout: a phase IIa randomized controlled trial. (2019)
• Evaluation of the Effect Derived from Silybin with Vitamin D and Vitamin E Administration on Clinical, Metabolic, Endothelial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress Parameters, and Serological Worsening Marker (2019)
• Evaluation the Effects of Alpha-tocopherol in Comparison with N-acetylcystein for Prevention of Contrast Induced Nephropathy (CIN) in CKD Patients. (2020)
• Tocotrienol-Rich Vitamin E from Palm Oil (Tocovid) and Its Effects in Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Pilot Phase II Clinical Trial. (2018)
• +2 more studies

Human trials · Negligible effect · 6 studies linked

Studied in: Healthy adults, Athletes, Parkinsons patients, Older adults

Glomerular filtration rate unimpaired by creatine supplementation in healthy and clinical populations. Naeini 2025 SR/MA (n=177) primary finding. xiao_2014 eGFR <50 mL/min/1.73m² amendment was precautionary; no supplementation-driven GFR decline demonstrated.

• Effect of creatine supplementation on kidney function: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2025)
• Creatine for Parkinson's disease. (2014)
• Measuring the lactate-to-creatine ratio via (2018)
• Effect of creatine supplementation on measured glomerular filtration rate in postmenopausal women. (2011)
• Creatine improves health and survival of mice. (2008)
• Effects of creatine supplementation on renal function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. (2008)

Human trials · 2 studies linked

Studied in: Healthy, Overweight, Age 40 60

Grade corrected from A to B: single source RCT only.

• Safety and Metabolism of Long-term Administration of NIAGEN (Nicotinamide Riboside Chloride) in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial of Healthy Overweight Adults. (2019)
• Randomized crossover clinical trial of coenzyme Q10 and nicotinamide riboside in chronic kidney disease (2023)

Small effect · 1 study linked

Studied in: Adult, Diabetes, CKD risk

• Bowman L, Mafham M, Wallendszus K, et al. (ASCEND Study) (2018)

Human trials · 3 studies linked

Studied in: CKD

IV iron in CKD does not worsen eGFR. IV iron is standard of care in dialysis-dependent CKD. No nephroprotective eGFR benefit established either.

• Effects of Ferric Derisomaltose in Heart Failure with Iron Deficiency according to Renal Function in the IRONMAN Randomised Controlled Trial. (2025)
• Ferric Carboxymaltose in Iron-Deficient Patients with Hospitalized Heart Failure and Reduced Kidney Function. (2023)
• Avasopasem manganese (GC4419) protects against cisplatin-induced chronic kidney disease: An exploratory analysis of renal metrics from a randomized phase 2b clinical trial in head and neck cancer pati (2023)

Human trials · 1 study linked

Studied in: Adult mixed sex

• The CARDINAL Trial of Bardoxolone Methyl in Alport Syndrome: When Marketing Interests Prevail over Patients Clinical Needs. (2023)

Human trials · 1 study linked

Studied in: General

3 corpus studies. Thin coverage.

• Comparative Study to Evaluate the Effect of Low-Protein Diet Supplementation with Taurine and N-Acetylcysteine, N-Acetylcysteine and Pyridoxamine Dihydrochloride in Preventing the Progression of Chron (2022)

1 study linked

Studied in: Healthy adults

• Safety and clinical effectiveness of Withania Somnifera (Linn.) Dunal root in human ailments. (2020)

Human trials · 0 studies linked

This result is graded, but no study is linked to it yet. Treat it as unconfirmed.

Studied in: Adult, CKD subset

Meta-analysis or review · 4 studies linked

Studied in: T2DM, CKD, Adults

40 corpus studies. Renal function MA (PMID:36996691, PMID:40580309) suggests mild improvement in eGFR. Effect most apparent in diabetic nephropathy populations. Not clinically meaningful in healthy populations.

• Resveratrol may mildly improve renal function in the general adult population: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. (2023)
• Effect of Resveratrol on Endothelial Function in Patients with CKD and Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. (2024)
• Resveratrol reduces albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. (2019)
• Vectisol Formulation Enhances Solubility of Resveratrol and Brings Its Benefits to Kidney Transplantation in a Preclinical Porcine Model. (2019)

Meta-analysis or review · 1 study linked

Studied in: Chronic kidney disease

• The Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Metabolic Profiles of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (2018)